Saturday, March 27, 2010

Taras

Tara (Sanskrit: तारा, tārā) or Ārya Tārā, also known as Jetsun Dolma (Tibetan language:rje btsun sgrol ma) in Tibetan Buddhism, is a female Bodhisattva in Mahayana Buddhism who appears as a female Buddha in Vajrayana Buddhism. She is known as the "mother of liberation", and represents the virtues of success in work and achievements. In Japan she is known as Tarani Bosatsu, and little-known asTuoluo in Chinese Buddhism.[1]

Tara is a tantric meditation deity whose practice is used by practitioners of the Tibetan branch of Vajrayana Buddhism to develop certain inner qualities and understand outer, inner and secret teachings about compassion and emptiness. Tara is actually the generic name for a set of Buddhas or bodhisattvas of similar aspect. These may more properly be understood as different aspects of the same quality, as bodhisattvas are often considered metaphoric for Buddhist virtues.

綠度母,為觀世音菩薩的化現,也有其他不同的譯名,像「多羅菩薩」,或是「救度母」,或是「度母」。度母有許多不同的化現,包括有二十一度母、五百度母等等。綠度母即綠度母為所有度母之主,此尊現少女相,全身綠色,一面二臂,現慈悲相。又稱為多哩速疾勇,是所有度母的主尊。

大方廣曼殊室利經-觀自在菩薩授記品載,觀自在菩薩入普光明多羅三昧,以三昧力,由眼中放大光明,多羅菩薩即由光明中而生。此多羅菩薩以慈悲光普照眾生,憐愍眾生猶如慈母、救度眾生出離生死苦海。其密號為悲生金剛(由大悲觀世音菩薩而生之義)、行願金剛。

此尊菩薩法相一面二臂身綠色,嚴飾瓔珞著天衣,現慈悲相,左手拈烏波拉花,右手結施與願印,象徵施於一切眾生無畏、慈悲滿願,雙腳屈左展右,右足踏在蓮花上表示隨時準備起身救度苦難眾生,如慈愛的母親一般,拯救鐘愛的孩子。

經典上說綠度母菩薩亦為二十一度母的主尊,總攝其餘二十尊化身之所有功德,本尊心咒具足一切息增懷誅之功用,消除一切眾生的煩惱痛苦、滿足一切眾生願求,現世富貴長壽平安吉祥、除諸病苦業魔障礙等,幫助眾生解脫生死苦海,命終往生極樂世界,獲得究竟的安樂,因為其救度之迅速、摧滅魔業之勇猛,故又稱作「救度速勇母」。

White Tara is referred to as "Mother of all the Buddhas." This is because she embodies the motivation that is compassion. Her whiteness "Radiant as the eternal snows in all their glory" is indicative of the selflessness -- the purity -- of this compassion but especially the undifferentiated Truth of the Dharma.

Her seven eyes stand for her perception of suffering that is apparent (the two we normally have,) that is psychological/spiritual (the one in her forehead,) and that is inherent in activity (in her palms,) and in what is usually considered as progress (in her soles.)


此尊菩薩乃是由觀世音菩薩的悲心化現,一面二臂顏容端正,法相寂靜、殊妙莊嚴,乃佛教中治病延壽事業的本尊菩薩之一,如月光般清淨的無垢光明照耀世間,縱然百千萬星宿俱時為聚集,殊勝威光仍然遠超於彼,受到各方眾生的禮敬,身相白色為息災之意,全身有七隻眼睛,雙手雙腳各有一眼,第三隻眼睛則在眉心中央,故又稱為「七眼佛母」,七眼能夠照見一切瘟疫疾病的緣起從而消滅之。

本尊菩薩的功德誓願和心咒主要為息滅眾生的病苦、消除因冤業、痴業、魔障引起的傳染病、瘟疫、各種病症,亦可對治蠱毒惡咒引起的疾病,幫修行者去除逆緣、增長壽量、解脫生死輪迴

唐朝時,基於文成公主的偉大貢獻,西藏人普遍認為,文成公主是白度母的化身。

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